CHAPTER 1: BASIC CONCEPTS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
WHAT IS COMPUTER?
*A computer is electronic device,operating under the control of instruction stored,can accept data (input),produce results (output) and stored the results for future use.
*A computer's operation are performed under the controlof astored program.
STRUCTURE FOR COMPUTER SYSTEM
Input - software - Output
(process)
WHAT IS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY?
DEFINITION:
*Forms technology applied to processing,storing,and transmitting information in electronic form.Example:fax,scanner,computer etc.
*Use of electronic computer software to convert,store,protect,transmit and securely retrieve information.
EVOLUTION OF COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY
*Have evolved through 4 major stages or generation in their development computer hardware.By different technology that do the processing work.
*Has greatly improved computer processing capabilities & storage capacities while simultaneously
The First Generation:1946-1958 (THE VACUUM TUBE YEARS)
The Second Generation: 1959-1964 (THE ERA OF THE TRANSISTOR)
The Third Generation: 1965-1970 (INTEGRATED CIRCUIT-MINIATURIZING THE COMPUTER)
The Fourth Generation: 1971-today (THE MICROPROCESSOR)
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ARE EVERYWHERE
-Government
- Communication
-Midicine
-Sciences
-Education
-Business
-Energy
-Entertainment
EXAMPLE: IT IN BUSINESS
*Support of the business processes and operations.
*Support of decision making by its employees and manager.
HOW IT SOLVE THE PROBLEM
*Should not be measured only by its efficincy in terms of minimizing costs,time and use of information resources.
*Success should be measured by the effectiveness of information technology.
JOURNAL 2
CHAPTER 2: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER APPLICATION
DEFINITION:
-Master control program in system Computer
-Small "boot program" load the operating system
FUNCTION:
-user management
-job management
-task management
-data management
-device management
WINDOWS FOR OS
*Operating system is developed and maintained by Microsoft
*The Macintosh and Linux OSes,to manage files and run software programs on desktop and laptop computers.
>APPLICATION SOFTWARE
*Subclass of software
*Have some program to build interaction for application for the computer system.
SOFTWARE
OPERATING SYSTEM APPLICATION SOFTWARE
-MS-DOS -Microsoft Word
-Windows -Microsoft Excel
-UNIX -Microsoft Access
-LINUX -Microsoft Powerpoint
-Mac OS -Internet Explorer
>ANTIVIRUS
*Computer programs that attempt to identify,neutralize software
*Example for antivirus:
-avast
-avira
-AVG
-McAfee
-Norton
JOURNAL 3
CHAPTER 3: INTERNET,WORLD WIDE WEB AND EMAIL
*A network of network
*Began 1969 as ARPAnet (Advanced Research Projects Agency)
*No central and thus impossible to state the precise size.
THE WORLD WIDE WEB
*A subset of the internet consisting with hypertext or hypermedia documents
*Documents contain references (links) different computer anywhere in the world.
*Began in 1991 at the Eurapean Particle Physics Laboratory (CERN) in Switzerland.
ACRONYMS ABOUND
*HTTP-HyperText Transfer Protocol is used to transmitWeb documents.
*HTTPS-Secure protocol for confidentialo transactions.
*HTML-The language in which all web documets are displayed
*TCP/IP-A suite of protocols that allows multiple platforms to commnicate
*ISP-Internet Service Provider
MICROSOFT INTERET EXPLORER
*Menu bar *Toolbar
-file -Back Button
-edit -forward button
-view -stop
-favorites -refresh
-tools -home
-help -search
-favorites
*Adress Bar -history
-URL
HYPERLINK
*The essence of the Web as you click on a link to more to the next document,may be stored on a different computer.
*Hyperlink contain text,graphic,sound.or video links.
-Blue underlined fonts are unexplored
-Magenta links have been previously accesed
URL FORMAT
*Can guess at the URL using the general form:
www.company.com
DOMAIN NAMES
*Original Six: *New domains:
-edu (education) -biz (business)
-com (commercial) -pro (licensed professional)
-gov (government) -info (information services)
-net (network administration) -uk (United Kingdom)
-org (no-profit) -ca (Canada)
CONNECTING TO THE INTERNET
*At work or school *Via the university's network connection in the dorm
-Via a local Area Network
*Via Ethercardconnected to the Data jack via network cable
*At Home
-traditional modem (56 KB)
-Cable Modem
-DSL Modem
SEARCH ENGINES
*Systematically searches the Web for documents on a specific topic
*Uses a key word or words as a query
*Has its own database
*No search engine is best
SUGGESTIONS FOR SEARCHING
*Use the Search button on the Internet Explorer Toolbar
*Try multiple search engines on 1 query
*Be aware of logical operators-AND,OR, and NOT
SERCH RULES AND TECHNIQUES
*Specify Boolean operators
AND-Includes all findings both key word
OR-Looks for only 1 of the specified key words
NOT-Allows u to exclude certain key words
*Read online help search criteria used a particular search engines
E-COMMERCE
*The exchange of goods and services
-Buyer and seller
-Products and suppliers
-A place to "meet"
-Marketing to attract the buyer
-Accept and process the order
ADVANTAGES OF E-COMMERCE
*For the Seller *For the Buyer
- Open 24/7 -Open 24/7
-Shoppers form anywhere -Never leave home
-Virtual inventory is cheaper and extensive -Easy to view and explore product line
-Lower transaction costs -Comparison shop
-Target your customers -Web site knows you
SECURITY AND PRIVACY
*Secure transctions
-https protocol
-Encryption
*Privacy
-Cookies is a sall file written to your disk each time you visit a site
-Promblem is a when one site ca read many cookies,a.g,DoubleClick.com
HTML STRUCTURE
*<HTML></HTML>
- Must be at beginning and end of the Web page
*Head: <Head></Head>
- Includes: Basic document info
*Other HTML:
- <Title ></Title>
- <Body BGCOLOR="Beige">
- <H1></H1>
- <P>
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